Author: 
Sami Ben Gharbia
Publication Date
December 1, 2008
Affiliation: 

Global Voices

"Geo-bombing" is one of the techniques used in drawing attention to human rights issues by associating them with specific locations and providing visual and audio evidence or testimony disseminated through YouTube videos via Google mapping applications like Google Maps and Google Earth.

[According to Wikipedia, Google Maps is a web mapping service application and technology provided by Google, free (for non-commercial use), that powers many map-based services, including the Google Maps website, Google Ride Finder, Google Transit, and maps embedded on third-party websites via the Google Maps API. It offers a route planner for traveling by foot, car, or public transport, as well as street maps and an urban business locator for numerous countries around the world. According to one of its creators (Lars Rasmussen), Google Maps is "a way of organizing the world's information geographically." Google Earth is a virtual globe, map, and geographic information programme that was originally called Earth Viewer, and was created by Keyhole, Inc, a company acquired by Google in 2004. It maps the Earth by the superimposition of images obtained from satellite imagery, aerial photography, and Global Information System (GIS) 3D globe.]

YouTube videos that are "geotagged" can be watched inside of the applications "Google Earth" and "Google Maps". The process of marking the location of a video on Google Earth is done while uploading a video onto YouTube, using the editing function: "Date and map". Once the location has been recorded and the video uploaded it will appear on Google Earth. To activate the Google YouTube layer, the user has to navigate to the “Layers” menu on the left-hand side of Google Earth and check a check-box for YouTube. Any geo-tagged YouTube video will show up when the YouTube layer of Google Earth/Maps is turned on.

For example, this technique has been used by Tunisian activists from the collective blog Nawaat.org (The Core). They used the Google Earth map of Tunisia's capital to link video testimonies of Tunisian political prisoners and human rights defenders to the Tunisian presidential palace’s location on Google Earth. (See the YouTube associated with this campaign below.)

Source: 

Global Voices Advocacy website accessed on September 21 2009.

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