ALL HUMAN TRAITS

Greed, Conventional Wisdom, Conservatism, Ignorance, Imagination, Hunches, Sloppiness, Wild Ideas, Pig-Headedness, Anarchy, Jealousy, Inspiration, Persistence, Laziness, Incompetence, Care, Ambition, Competence, Wisdom, Dedication



Undergraduate Education / Graduate Training

"WHAT WILL THEY THINK?" *Proposal reviewing. *Grant funding.

FRONTIER SCIENCE

Bright Ideas, Silly Ideas, Ingenuity, Hunches, Trial and Error, Quick and Dirty Experiments

Mixed Motives, Ruthlessness, Stubborness, Conflicts of Interest, Generosity, Luck, Cutting Corners, Ideosyncracy

"CAN THIS GET PUBLISHED?" *Replicate and clean up. *Seminars and preprints. *Editors and referees.

PRIMARY LITERATURE

Research Papers, Putative Science, Abstracts

Mostly Not Obviously Wrong, Might Be Right

*Testing and use by others. *Modification and extension. *Citation of useful work.

SECONDARY LITERATURE

*Review Articles, Monographs

*Mostly Reliable

*Time. *Use by others. *Concordance with other fields.

TEXTBOOK SCIENCE

Mostly Very Reliable

*Time. *Use by others. *Connections among sciences.

TEXTBOOKS OF THE FUTURE

Work Well

In stages, deficiencies are eliminated by virtue of the social institutions that science has evolved, peer review in particular.