Brazil may not achieve the United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) because parts of the country bordering the Amazon River are lagging behind, according to a report published in April 2007 by the Amazon Institute of People and the Environment (IMAZON).

The report looked at progress in the Brazilian states that make up the Amazon basin based on 17 indicators relating to 7 of the 8 MDGs between 1990 and 2005. The states looked at - Acre, Amapa, Amazonas, Maranhao, Mato Grosso, Pará, Rondônia, Roraima, and Tocantins - were behind on most indicators, including education, poverty, sanitation, malaria cases, and child and maternal mortality.

• HIV/AIDS incidence has increased from 1.2 to 12.4 cases per 100,000.
• Deforestation increased from 10% of the total area to 17%.
• While malaria incidence has dropped from 3,000 to 2,000 per 100,000, the rates remain high.
• The absolute number of people living on under US$2 per day has increased from 7.4 to 10.1 million.
• The proportion of people with sustainable access to safe drinking water has increased from 48% to 68%, but this rate of progress will not achieve the MDG target until 2018.

According to the report, the only goal that will be achieved by 2015 is reducing the mortality rate of under-fives by two-thirds.